Improvement in apparatus for grading patterns



2 Sheets-Sheet 1. D. P. HARTFORD.

Apparatus for Grading Patterns.

No. 20I,I11. Patented March 12,1878.

'l/iziwsdw 3%KM z m, /Mfl 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. P HARTFORD. Apparatus for Grading Patterns.

N0. 20M". Pat

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID F. HARTFORD, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR or ONE- HALF HISRIGHT To THOMAS T. HARTFORD, or SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR GRADING PATTERNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 201,111, dated March12, 1878; application filed October 22, 1877. i

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, DAVID F. HARTFORD.

of Boston, county of Suffolk, and State of Massachusetts, have inventedan Apparatus for Grading Patterns, and other like purposes, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, making a part hereof.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan of an apparatus embodying all thefeatures of my invention. Fig. 2 shows a modification of one of thedevices. The other figures are designed to show more clearly the detailsof construction of the apparatus. 7

The tracer a is mounted upon a carriage, b, which is so-mounted upon a.support,c,that the tracer can be moved freely from side to side, and thesupport 0 is so mounted upon the support d that the tracer can also bemoved freely from top to bottom, or up and down, thus giving the tracera universal motion in one plane. The marker f is in like manner mountedso that it can run freely in any direction in one plane. Its carriage ismarked g, and is-supported upon the support 0, so that it can be movedfrom side to side freely.

I have shown in the drawings both the tracer and the marker uponcarriages b and'g, and both these carriages sliding upon the support 0,which is fast to the support (2; but it is obvious that the universalmotion of the tracer and marker may be provided for in other ways. Forexample, either of the carriages b org might be fast to the support 0,if that support were free to slide across the support d; and otherdevices may be readily substituted for those shown, in order to give thetracer and marker the universal motion above explained, and yet allowthem to be connected together, so that the motion-of one will determinethe 'mot-ionof the other, as now to be explained.

The tracer-carriage b is connected to the marker-carriage g by means ofa radius-bar, h, which is centered upon the marker-carriage g,and'adjnstably connected to a cross-bar, j, which is centered upon thetracer-carriage b. When this radius-bar b has its right-hand axiscoincident with the axis which connects the cross-bar j and thetracer-carriage b, any motion of the tracer to the right or left willcause the marker to move precisely the same distance and in the samedirection, and in like manner any motion of the tracer up or down willcause the marker to move precisely the same distance and in the samedirection, (if the motion of the marker be not affected by theradius-bar h and cross-bar j, which will be disregarded for thepresent.)

By this portion of the apparatus-that is, without the radius-bar h andcross-bar ja figure will be marked out by the marker precisely the sameas the figure described by the axis of the tracer, if the axis of theradiusbar h coincide with the axis of the cross-bar j; in other words,the two carriages b and 9 will always be in precisely the same relationone to the other. v

The cross-bar j changes its position relatively to the tracer-carriage bwith every movement of that carriage, because atone end its movement isrestricted by the connectingrod m, and it is thereby compelled to turnupon the axis by which it is connected tothe carriage b. Hence (as willbe clear) the size of the figure described by the machine in linesparallel with the support 0 may be made less or more than the size ofthe figure described by the tracer along corresponding lines by shiftingthe slide a to one side or the other of the axis by which the cross-barjis connected to carriage b, and the decrease or increase along theselines will depend upon the distance between the former axis and the axisby which the radius-bar his connected to the slide a It is thiscombination of a tracer and marker by means of a radius-bar andcross-bar which constitutes the main feature of my invention, and, sofar as I know'or have any reason to be lieve, this part of my apparatusis wholly new with me. It is capable of use separately, as will beclear, in all cases where it is desired that the marker shall describe afigure either precisely the same as that described by the tracer, or afigure either larger or smaller in one direction than that described bythe tracer.

The main object of my invention is to produce a series of gradedpatterns from a single pattern, and the apparatus shown in the draw 1 1of the traceriis one line midway of the length 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 iugs is especially designed for thegrading of, of thepattern and parallel with the support d, 1 I l 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 P t nsforiseles and other of bcotsand 1 shoes, 1 As these patterns vary insize not only 1 1 1 lieng'thwise -that is, in lines parallel with thesupport c--but also widthwise, in sole at 1 terns, or fromtop tobottomin upper-pat:-'

1 iBEIlS-e-bllittlfi, in lines parallel with" the sup, P 1 portde-asecond apparatussubstantially the 1 same as the one abovedescribed, butat right 1 angles to it, is necessary for grading :these patterns. 1

1 lnthis second apparatus theradius-baris 1 1 11 i mci kedi :h'1,;a1e1cross1bar j1, the

1 1 1 1 1 and the connecting-rod ante- 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1;1;1;1A sccondary carriage, y, is mounted 1 1 the carriage 1g, so that itis1free to1move1toward and fromthe carriage g, and the two are? 1index-rod k,

upon

1 and the tracer-h thenmovcd to alinc parallel with the inidwayiine anda distance equal to one-half the length of the'patternfrom it, (see 5-1111 Fig.16 the carriages 5 and g willbe separated 1 more: or less asthe slide-axis of: the: radius bar it ismore or less removed from theaxis of 1 the crossbarj, and the amount of this separa- 1 tionzwill beshown on the graduated index i1 1 red 70. 1 1Gonsequently,:if it bedesired to make the pattern described by the marker one size smallerthanthe standard pattern; A, {around i i 5 1 i 2 i i 1 1 1 which thetraceris to be traversed,) the slide a is moved uponthe cross-barj just farenough from the axis:of thecross-bar to move the 1 1 1 1 marker 1'one-sixth part of an inch farther from 1 the tracer than it was when thetracer-axis was on the midway line; in other words,when 1 1 1 1centered, thetraoer and marker are each upon 1 the midway li1ne thetracer 1 on 1 the midway 1 line of the standarcband th'e marker uponthe; I 1 1 1 I I 1 1 midway line of the figure which it will de- 1 1 1scribe, and whenithe tracer is brought to the 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 1 i1 extremepoint in its motionaway frorn'this' I1 1 line the marker will be broughtin the same 1 1 1 1 1 1 liages b and g, radius bar It, cross-bar and Irelation to its midwayzline,andconsequentl 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Z sli dea,except, 'ofcours'e, that when the axis if themarker at this extreme beone-sixth of 1 1 1 1 which connectsthe radius-banhandslide ft 1aninchnearerits'midway line than thetracer 1 1 coincides withthe axiswhich connects theis to itsmidway-linaiitisclear 1that1the1ex11:(51"OSS-11?&T j and: carriage g, the figure de: 1 tremepointspassedover by the marker, one 11 scribedby the marker is identical withatlrati1 each siideiof itszmidwaynne, wiil be each one 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 described by the tracer, 1(except1as1changed' 1 sixth of aninch nearer its midway line? than 1 1 1 1 1 1 by the: apparatusa 131,h,1and j fiend to vary 1 the-extreme points passed over bythe tracerthese figures in lines parallelwith the: support and its midway line,and the figure described 1 1 1 1 1 1 which the carriage g slides, butalso by the 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 radius-bar M and crossbar j, :asshown' inthe 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 draw ingsriThesecondary carriage g carries 1 1 1 themarkerf. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 The operation of the two, carriages gand 91, i 1 radius-bar h, cross-bar y" and slide fis the 1 1 1 same asbefore explained in regardto thecar- 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1connected together not only by the ways upon 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 :d,the axis ofithe radiusban must be shifted 1 1 to one side orthe other oftheaxis of the crossbar, these lines growing shorter in the figuremarked out than in that described by the tracer in proportion as theformer axis is carried toward the connecting-rod m.

This combination of these two apparatuses, each substantially like theone first described, but one working across the other-that is, onealtering the figure described by the tracer along one set of parallellines, and the other altering it along a second set of parallel lines,one set of these lines crossing the other setconstitutes the second partof my invention.

The connecting-rods m and m may be made in one piece with the cross-barsj and j, and these cross-bars need not be segmental; but it is of greatadvantage, when the apparatus is intended for grading shoe-patterns, tomake these connecting-rods m and m separate from the cross-bars, and tomake these bars segmental, for the reason that the segmental crossbarsmay be readily and accurately centered, or brought in such relation tothe radius-bars h and k that the slide a may be moved with out movingthe carriage g, and the slide f without moving the carriage g, and it iswhen in this condition that the connecting-rod m should be rigidlysecured by its set-screw to the cross-bar j, and the connecting-rod m tothe cross-bar j.

If the cross-bar j be centered when the axis an inch shorter than thatdescribed by the tracer, two shoe-patterns consecutive in size differingordinarily one-third of an inch in length.

To illustrate from the drawings: When the cross-bar j is centered whilethe tracer-axis is upon the midway line of the standard, the point ofthe marker is brought, of course, upon the midway line of the figurewhichwill be described by the marker, and when the traceraXis is broughtupon the extreme line 3 of the standard the marker-point is brought uponthe corresponding line of the figure it describes. Now set themarker-point one-sixth of an inch nearer its midway line than. thetracer is to its midway line by moving slide a on the crossbar j, andthen clamp slide a to the cross-bar j. After this is done, when thetracer-axis is carried around the standard A, the marker will also becaused todescribe a similar figure, but shorter by one-sixth of an inchon each side of the central line, or one-third of an inch in all alongits greatest length, and diminishes in length along any line parallelwith the support 0, the amount of diminution having the same proportionto one-third of an inch that the length of the given line bears to thelength of the longest line in the standard parallel to the support '0.

If it were always desirable to center the cross-bars on the midwaylines, the connect- 1 by the 1marker will therefore be one-third of 1 f1 j 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i ing-rods m and m might bemade in one piece with thecross-bars; but even then it might be desirable to make them separate,in order to allow for readjustment in, case of wear. But inasmuch as itis .important ,to provide means for centering. the cross-bars not onlyon the midway line, but also on the extreme lines 3 or z, theconnectingrrods an and m are made separate from the cross-bars j and j,and connected to them by clamps. This is also an important feature of myinyention,'and enlarges the scope of my apparatus. For example: Centerthe cross-bar j when the tracer-axis .is on the extreme line z, andclamp the slide a at some distance from the axis of the crossbar; thenmove the tracer-axis to the other extreme line y, and the index-rod iswill show how much the tracer and marker have been separated by thismovement, (supposing the slide a to be between the axis of the crossbarj and its connecting-rod,the two carriages being drawn nearer together,if the slide be the other side of this axis;) then unclamp the slide a,and move it upon the cross-bar until the marker-point is brought thedesired distance from the point where it was when the cross-bar wascentered the greatest length of the desired figure, taking care, ofcourse, (by means of a proper stop, B, or otherwise,) to keep thetracer-axis upon the extreme line :1 while adjusting the slide a. Whenthe slide a is properly adjusted, reclamp it upon its cross-bar. Theresult, as is clear, will be that the extreme lines on the figuredescribed by the marker will be nearer together than the correspondingextreme lines y and z of the standard, the marker-point always comingupon the line corresponding to 2 when the tracer-axis is on 2, andtraveling away from that line a less distance than the tracer travelsfrom the line 2 of the standard. When centered upon the extreme line,the distance indicated upon the index-rod is of course the wholedifference between the longest line of the standard and thecorresponding line in. the figure described by the marker, instead ofhalf that distance, as when centered upon the midway line.

Figs. 4 and 5 are diagrams, the first representing the tracer-axis uponthe intersection of the two extreme lines 2 and z, (z indicating a linethrough the extreme left-hand point of the standard A, and z a linethrough the extreme lower point of standardA,) and showing bothcross-bars j and j centered, and the second representing the tracer-axisupon the intersection of two other lines, 3 and y, (y indicatin g a linethrough the extreme right-hand point of the standard A, and y a lineparallel with z, and at a distance from it equal to one-half the extremelength of standard A, or one-half of the distance from 2 to y.) When in.this latter position the slides a and f may both be adjusted to causethe figure described by the marker to vary as desired from the standard.

The methods of adjusting the cross-bar j and slide f require nodescription, in view of what has been said about adjusting the crossbarj and slide a, and,- as will be clear, the slide f may be adjusted uponthe cross-bar j when the tracer-axis is at any point in the-line y, (orany other-properadjusting line,) just as theslide a may beadjusted uponthe crossbar j when the tracer-axis is at any point in the line 3 (orany proper adjusting-line,) although it is only when the tracer-axis isatthe intersection of both adjusting-lines that both the slides can be'adjusted.=

The usual adjustment of the slide f in making shoe-patterns is from theline z to the line 3 or one-half the length of the standard.

The index-rod k is set accordingly.

I have shown the cross-bar j controlled by a connecting-rod, m, jointedto a radius-bar, a, which radius-bar has its axis on the support d, andthis is the preferred form of my machine; but it is obvious that otherdevices may be used for giving the proper motion to the crossbar j. Forexample, it may be connected to a slide, n (see Fig. 2,) which travelsupon a rod, n secured to a frame, a, which is adjustably held by aset-screwto the support d.

The cross-bar j is controlled by the connecting-rod m, one end of whichis secured to the slide m which travels on the rod m this rod m beingsecured to the bracket W. The controlling device may, of course, beapplied to the other end of either of the crossbars j j, the onlyfunction of these devices being to give the proper motion to thecrossbar.

In upper-patterns the height and width of the ankle-part are greater inproportion in the small sizes, and a set of properly-graded patternsshould have the ankle part decreased slightly less than any otherportion as the patterns decrease in size, the largest size having theankle part lower and narrower, in proportion to the rest of the pattern,than the smallest size.

This may be accomplished in my machine to a greater or less extent, tosuit the taste of the pattern-maker, by adjusting the connecting-rod m,orby changing the slant of the rod M.

The fact that that motion of the marker which is caused by the-motion ofthe cross-bar j and. j is greater or less (on the well-known principleof the crank) in proportion to the relative positions of thesecross-bars and their respective radius-bars also causes this variationin the proportion of the ankle part to the rest of the pattern.

The tracer (shown in detail in Figs. 7, 8, and 9) also constitutes animportant feature of my invention. Its distinguishing feature is, thatthe bearing-surface a is free to move around the axis a Thisbearing-surface may be a disk journaled on the piece m, as in Figs. 8and 9, or may be rigidly attached to the piece a, as in Fig. 7,

What I claim asmy invention is 1. The combination of the tracer andmarker j, When the latter is connected to the support 01, substantiallyas described.

4. In combination, the carriages g and g, radius-bar h, cross-bar j,connecting-rod m and stationary bracket m, substantially as described.

5. The tracer above described, consisting of the parts a a and a,constructed and operating substantially as described. I

6. In combination, the supports cand d, carriages b, g, and g, andsuitable devices for controlling the motion of the carriages, allsubstantially as described.

DAVID F. HARTFORD.

Witnesses I J. E. MAYNADIER, GEORGE O. G. COALE.

